A Dystopia is a society that is characterized by human misery, oppression, disease, and overcrowding. Dystopias, through an exaggerated worst-case scenario, make a criticism about a current trend, societal norm, or political system. They are often the result of a failed Utopia.
The word Utopia originated in 1516 when Sir Thomas More wrote a novel using "Utopia" as a title. The novel described an imaginary island as having a perfect political and social system. Today, the word is commonly defined as any idealized place, state, or situation of perfection. In short, a Utopia is a perfect world.